Integrand size = 14, antiderivative size = 159 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}} \]
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Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 159, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 11, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.571, Rules used = {4946, 331, 303, 1176, 631, 210, 1179, 642} \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+1\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (c x^2-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+1\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (c x^2+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+1\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {2 b c}{3 x} \]
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Rule 210
Rule 303
Rule 331
Rule 631
Rule 642
Rule 1176
Rule 1179
Rule 4946
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = -\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {1}{3} (2 b c) \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (1+c^2 x^4\right )} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{3} \left (2 b c^3\right ) \int \frac {x^2}{1+c^2 x^4} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {1}{3} \left (b c^2\right ) \int \frac {1-c x^2}{1+c^2 x^4} \, dx-\frac {1}{3} \left (b c^2\right ) \int \frac {1+c x^2}{1+c^2 x^4} \, dx \\ & = -\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{6} (b c) \int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{c}-\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {c}}+x^2} \, dx-\frac {1}{6} (b c) \int \frac {1}{\frac {1}{c}+\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {c}}+x^2} \, dx-\frac {\left (b c^{3/2}\right ) \int \frac {\frac {\sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {c}}+2 x}{-\frac {1}{c}-\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {c}}-x^2} \, dx}{6 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {\left (b c^{3/2}\right ) \int \frac {\frac {\sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {c}}-2 x}{-\frac {1}{c}+\frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {c}}-x^2} \, dx}{6 \sqrt {2}} \\ & = -\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {\left (b c^{3/2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {\left (b c^{3/2}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-1-x^2} \, dx,x,1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}} \\ & = -\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}} \\ \end{align*}
Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 177, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.11 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {a}{3 x^3}-\frac {2 b c}{3 x}-\frac {b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{3 x^3}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {-\sqrt {2}+2 \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}+2 \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {2}}\right )}{3 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1-\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {b c^{3/2} \log \left (1+\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x+c x^2\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}} \]
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Time = 0.42 (sec) , antiderivative size = 115, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.72
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {a}{3 x^{3}}+b \left (-\frac {\arctan \left (c \,x^{2}\right )}{3 x^{3}}+\frac {2 c \left (-\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \left (\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}-\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {1}{c^{2}}}}{x^{2}+\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {1}{c^{2}}}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}+1\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-1\right )\right )}{8 \left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-\frac {1}{x}\right )}{3}\right )\) | \(115\) |
parts | \(-\frac {a}{3 x^{3}}+b \left (-\frac {\arctan \left (c \,x^{2}\right )}{3 x^{3}}+\frac {2 c \left (-\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \left (\ln \left (\frac {x^{2}-\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {1}{c^{2}}}}{x^{2}+\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x \sqrt {2}+\sqrt {\frac {1}{c^{2}}}}\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}+1\right )+2 \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}\, x}{\left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-1\right )\right )}{8 \left (\frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}}}-\frac {1}{x}\right )}{3}\right )\) | \(115\) |
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 170, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.07 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {\left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} \log \left (b^{3} c^{5} x + \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}\right ) - i \, \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} \log \left (b^{3} c^{5} x + i \, \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}\right ) + i \, \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} \log \left (b^{3} c^{5} x - i \, \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}\right ) - \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {1}{4}} x^{3} \log \left (b^{3} c^{5} x - \left (-b^{4} c^{6}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}}\right ) + 4 \, b c x^{2} + 2 \, b \arctan \left (c x^{2}\right ) + 2 \, a}{6 \, x^{3}} \]
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Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 20.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 529, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.33 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=\begin {cases} - \frac {a}{3 x^{3}} & \text {for}\: c = 0 \\- \frac {a - \infty i b}{3 x^{3}} & \text {for}\: c = - \frac {i}{x^{2}} \\- \frac {a + \infty i b}{3 x^{3}} & \text {for}\: c = \frac {i}{x^{2}} \\- \frac {2 a x^{4}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {2 a}{6 c^{2} x^{7} + 6 x^{3}} + \frac {2 b c^{3} x^{7} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \log {\left (x - \sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {b c^{3} x^{7} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \log {\left (x^{2} + \sqrt {- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} + \frac {2 b c^{3} x^{7} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {atan}{\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} + \frac {2 b c^{2} x^{7} \sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \operatorname {atan}{\left (c x^{2} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {4 b c x^{6}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} + \frac {2 b c x^{3} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \log {\left (x - \sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {b c x^{3} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \log {\left (x^{2} + \sqrt {- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} + \frac {2 b c x^{3} \left (- \frac {1}{c^{2}}\right )^{\frac {3}{4}} \operatorname {atan}{\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}}} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {2 b x^{4} \operatorname {atan}{\left (c x^{2} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} + \frac {2 b x^{3} \sqrt [4]{- \frac {1}{c^{2}}} \operatorname {atan}{\left (c x^{2} \right )}}{6 x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c^{2}}} - \frac {4 b x^{2}}{6 c x^{7} + \frac {6 x^{3}}{c}} - \frac {2 b \operatorname {atan}{\left (c x^{2} \right )}}{6 c^{2} x^{7} + 6 x^{3}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases} \]
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Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 142, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.89 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {1}{12} \, {\left ({\left (c^{2} {\left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, c x + \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {c}}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}} + \frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, c x - \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c}\right )}}{2 \, \sqrt {c}}\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}} - \frac {\sqrt {2} \log \left (c x^{2} + \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x + 1\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}} + \frac {\sqrt {2} \log \left (c x^{2} - \sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x + 1\right )}{c^{\frac {3}{2}}}\right )} + \frac {8}{x}\right )} c + \frac {4 \, \arctan \left (c x^{2}\right )}{x^{3}}\right )} b - \frac {a}{3 \, x^{3}} \]
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Time = 0.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 159, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {1}{12} \, b c^{3} {\left (\frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, x + \frac {\sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}}\right )} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}\right )}{c^{2}} + \frac {2 \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, x - \frac {\sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}}\right )} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}\right )}{c^{2}} - \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}} \log \left (x^{2} + \frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}} + \frac {1}{{\left | c \right |}}\right )}{c^{2}} + \frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {{\left | c \right |}} \log \left (x^{2} - \frac {\sqrt {2} x}{\sqrt {{\left | c \right |}}} + \frac {1}{{\left | c \right |}}\right )}{c^{2}}\right )} - \frac {2 \, b c x^{2} + b \arctan \left (c x^{2}\right ) + a}{3 \, x^{3}} \]
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Time = 0.50 (sec) , antiderivative size = 63, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.40 \[ \int \frac {a+b \arctan \left (c x^2\right )}{x^4} \, dx=-\frac {2\,b\,c\,x^2+a}{3\,x^3}-\frac {b\,\mathrm {atan}\left (c\,x^2\right )}{3\,x^3}-\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/4}\,b\,c^{3/2}\,\mathrm {atan}\left ({\left (-1\right )}^{1/4}\,\sqrt {c}\,x\right )}{3}-\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/4}\,b\,c^{3/2}\,\mathrm {atan}\left ({\left (-1\right )}^{1/4}\,\sqrt {c}\,x\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{3} \]
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